定语从句的例句第1篇(全文377字)
定语从句that的例句
1、Heisagoodboy.形容词作定语
2、Twoboysneedtwopens.数词作定语
3、HissonneedsTomspen.形容词性物主代词或名词所有格作定语
4、TheboyinblueisTom.介词短语作定语
5.Thereisawomandoctor.名词作定语
6、Theboythereneedsabike.副词作定语
7.Thereisnothingtodotoday.不定式作定语
8、Thesmilingboyneedsafriend.现在分词作定语
9、AboycalledTomsavedthegirl.过去分词(短语)作定语
10、HeisthemanthatImetyesterday.定语从句
一、定语从句的概念:在复合句中,用作定语的从句叫做定语从句。
二、定语从句的位置:通常位于它所修饰的名词或代词之后。
三、被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
四、引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词(who,whom,whose,that,which等)在定语从句中可用作主语、定语、宾语等;关系副词(when,where,why等)在定语从句中只用作状语。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
五、定从基本形式:先行词(名词/代词)+关系代词/关系副词+定从
六、that引导的定语从句
Sheisthegirlthattalkedtoyouyesterday.(that作主语)
Thecoat(that)Iputonthedeskisblue.(that作宾语)
结论:that引导的定语从句既可以修饰人,也可以修饰物;
that在从句中作主语或宾语;
作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:
1、Ilikemusic.Icandancetomusic.
IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.(that在从句中用作宾语。)
2、Ipreferasandwich.Asandwichisreallydelicious.
Ipreferasandwichthatisreallydelicious.(that在从句中用作主语。)
注意:that在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句中谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。
例如:Iprefermoviesthatarescary.
Ilikeasandwichthatisreallydelicious.
Ilovethesingerthatisbeautiful.
Ihaveafriendthatplayssports.
定语从句的例句第2篇(全文651字)
1、Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?
2、Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.
3、Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.
4、Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)colorisgreen.
5、Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.
6、BythetimeyouarrivedinLondon,wehadstayedtherefortwoweeks.
7、Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.
8、Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.
9、HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.
10、TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.
拓展:定语从句解题方法
一、选准关系代词和关系副词
在定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词都代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分,如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。例如:
(1)Istillrememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogether.
(2)Istillrememberthedayswhenweworkedtogether.
二、了解仅用that引导限制性定语从句的几种情况
that在限制性定语从句中既可指人又可指事或物。在下列情况下,只能用that来引导定语从句:
1、先行词是all,much,few,little,everything,anything,nothing等不定代词时。例如:
Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuy?
2、先行词被all,few,little,much,every,some,no等词修饰或被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等限定词修饰时。例如:
TheseareallthepicturesthatIhaveseen.
Thisistheverydictionarythatisofgreathelp.
3、先行词既指人又指物时。例如:
Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthethingsandthepersonsthattheycouldremember.
4、关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。例如:
Ourschoolisnottheonethatitusedtobe.
5、先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:
ThisisthebestEnglishfilmthatIhaveeverseen.
ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasATaleofTwoCities.
6、主句是who或which引导的特殊问句时。例如:
Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?
WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday?
三、把握“介词+关系代词”结构中介词的选用
介词的选择与主句中先行词的搭配密切相关。例如:
Thatsthereasonforwhichhewaslateforschool.
ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8yuan.
注意:
1、定语从句中谓语动词是含有介词的动词短语时,介词应放在动词之后,不能拆开放在关系代词前。例如:
Thisisthekeywhichyouarelookingfor.
Thisisthebabywhomyouwilllookafter.
2、该结构中,关系代词指人时用whom,指物时用which.
四、注意定语从句的主谓一致性
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语必须与先行词保持人称和数的一致。例如:
TomisoneoftheboyswhoarefromtheUSA.
TomistheonlyoneoftheboyswhoisfromtheUSA.
五、保持主句的完整性并避免从句成分的重叠
1、在定语从句中,不管出现任何情况,主句的结构必须完整,即主句必须有主语和谓语,缺一不可,否则,整个主从复合句就无法成立。试比较:
(1)Isthisfactory_______wevisitedlastweek?
(2)Isthisthefactory_______wevisitedlastweek?
A.whichB.whereC.whatD.theone
分析:
第一题缺少表语,只有填D项才能保持主句的完整性,而其他的`选项均为干扰项。
第二题主句本身完整,应填的关系代词在从句中作visited的宾语,故应选A项。
2、从定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词已经代替先行词独立地或与相应的介词一起在定语从句中充当了一定的成分,因此在定语从句中就不能再出现与关系代(副)词重叠的成分。例如:
错句:IsthisthetrainthattheytookitlastSunday?
分析:该题中that已经代替先行词thetrain在定语从句中充当及物动词took的宾语,故重叠出现的宾语it必须删去。
定语从句的例句第3篇(全文928字)
在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的有关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。
1、由who引导的定语从句中,who用作主语,如:Thisistheboywhooftenhelpsme.
2、由whom引导的定语从句中,whom用作宾语,如:Themanwhomyouarewaitingforhasgonehome.
3、由whose引导的定语从句中,whose用作定语,如:Doyouknowthegirlwhoseskirtiswhite?
4、由which引导的定语从句中,which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语,如:
Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.
Theriverwhichisinfrontofmyhouseisveryclean.
Thisisthepenwhichyouwant.
注意:
(1)whom,which用作介词宾语时,介词可放在whom、which之前,也可放在从句原来的位置上;但在含有介词的`动词固定词组中,介词只能放在原来的位置上。如:Heistheverypersonwhomwemusttakegoodcareof.
(2)引导非限制性定语从句时,必须用关系代词which,不用that,如:Ihavelost
mybag,whichIlikeverymuch.
(3)关系代词在句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。
5、由that引导的定语从句中,that可以指人或物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语,但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语,如:
ThebookthatIboughtyesterdaywaswrittenbyLuXun.
注意在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。
(1)先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等,如:
AllthatwehavetodoistopractiseEnglish.
(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,如
ThefirstletterthatIgotfromhimwillbekept.
(3)先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰,如
Iveeatenupallthefoodthatyougaveme.
(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时如
HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttotalkwith.
(5)先行词既有人又有物时,如:
Theytalkedaboutpersonsandthingsthattheymet.
(6)当句中已有who时,为避免重复,如:Whoisthemanthatisgivingusthe
class?
6、由when,where,why引导的定语从句,如:
Idontknowthereasonwhyhewaslate.
Thisistheplacewherewehavelivedfor5years.
IllneverforgetthedaywhenImetMrLiforthefirsttime.
注意:先行词是表示地点时,如果从句的谓语动词是及物的,就用that(which),如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的,就用where引导。ThisisthehouseWhich/thathehaslivedinfor15years.(Wherehehaslivedfor15year.)
7、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
(1)限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分,主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,ofwhich等,这些关系代词都不能省略。
(2)非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明,没有这种从句,不影响主句意思的完整,一般用逗号把主句和从句分开,关系代词用which,不用that;指人时可用who,如:Ihavetwobrothers,whoarebothstudents.
8.如何简化定语从句
(1)。定语从句简化为形容词或形容词短语作后置定语。如:
Mygrandfatherlivesinavillagethatisfarawayfromhere.
→Mygrandfatherlivesinavillagefarawayfromhere.我祖父住在离这儿很远的一个村子。
Thisisabookthatisworthreading.
→Thisisabookworthreading.这是一本值得看的书。
(2)定语从句简化为现在分词或现在分词短语作前置或后置定语。
ThemanwhoisstandingunderthetreeisourEnglishteacher.
→ThemanstandingunderthetreeisourEnglishteacher.
站在树下面的那个人是我们的英语老师。
Isawthehousethatwasburningatthattime.→Isawtheburninghouseatthattime.
当时我看到那房子在燃烧。
(3)定语从句简化为过去分词短语作后置定语。
IliketoseethefilmswhicharedirectedbyZhangYimou.→IliketoseethefilmsdirectedbyZhangYimou.我喜欢看张艺谋导演的电影。
Sheisthegirlwhowaspraisedattheschoolmeeting.→Sheisthegirlpraisedattheschoolmeeting.她就是在校会上受表彰的那个女孩。
(4)定语从句简化为不定式作后置定语。
Heisalwaysthefirstpersonthatcomestoschool.→Heisalwaysthefirstpersontocometoschool.他总是第一个到校。
Thereportwhichwillbegiventomorrowisimportanttous.→Thereporttobegiventomorrowisimportanttous.明天要作的报告对我们很重要。
(5)定语从句简化为what从句。
Icouldntrememberthewordsthathesaid.→Icouldntrememberwhathesaid.
我记不得他说的话。
【典型例句解析】
例1Thesecondbook______IwanttoreadisBusiness@theSpeedofThought.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.as
解析先行词book被序数词修饰时要用that引导定语从句,故选C。
例2Illneverforgetthedays_____Istayedwithyou.
A.whenB.inwhichC.thatD.forwhich
解析本题指时间,故选A。
例3Thebook______issoldoutatthemoment.
A.youneedB.whatyouneed
C.whichyouneeditD.thatyouneedit
解析B、C、D中的what和it与先行Thebook相抵触,故选A。
例4Isthistheplace______Lincolnoncelived.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
解析本题指地点,故选C。
例5Imoneoftheboys_________neverlateforschool.
A.thatisB.whoareC.whoamD.whois
解析本题中who用作主语,谓语动词与先行词theboys保持一致,故选B。
【选讲例句】
例6Hersister,______youmetatmyhome,wasateacherofEnglish.
A.whomB.thatC.whichD.whois
解析非限制性定语从句中,关系代词用which,不用that,但指人时用who或whom.故选A。
例7Thesebookareforstudents_____motherlanguageisnotEnglish.
A.ofwhomB.thatC.whichD.whose
解析whose引导的定语从句中,whose用作定语,故选D。